hw-disk-ide (libide.la :: ide_component_library)

Synopsis:

This component models a simple ATA (IDE) hard drive controller plus up to two disk drives.


Functionality:

Modelling:

This component models a PC-style ATA (IDE) hard drive controller plus up to two disk drives. The two individually configured drives use host files for storage of the disk image. Access time appears to be instantaneous to the simulated target.

This model supports only old IDE programming interfaces. These should be a common subset of most real IDE-like devices (hard drives, CD-ROMs, CompactFlash drives, etc.). Only PIO (programmed I/O) is supported, so no ATAPI or DMA functions are available. However, the drive models are self-describing, so they can indicate that these missing functions are not available.

Behaviors
initialization

All parameters must be set for the selected simulated drive (N=0 or 1) to become available. The given disk image file will be opened for read and write as long as the "driveN-file" attribute is set. Undefined behaviour occurs if these settings are changed while the drive model is in use, or if the values are illegal. Undefined behaviour occurs if the same disk image file is shared by more than one simulated drive.

register access

Several standard IDE registers may be accessed across the control-block-bus and command-block-bus, and also via watchable attributes.

The "data port" register lives at address 0 in the command-block-bus. As a quirk of the IDE interface standard, either an 8- or 16-bit access to address 0 on this bus will access this register.

command execution

To control IDE devices, you set the registers that specify the location of an intended transfer, then write a command byte into the command register. An IDE interface standard provides for synchronization between a processor and the IDE controller. The DRQ, DRDY, and ERROR bits in the status register are emulated for this.

command execution: read/write

IDE commands 0x20, 0x21, 0x30, 0x31 are supported. Multiple-sector transfers are supported and involve DRQ/interrupt synchronization. LBA and CHS addressing are both supported.

command execution: identify

IDE command 0xEC is supported. It arranges to copy data into or out of the selected drive's sector buffers

command execution: stub commands

IDE commands 0x10-0x1F (RECALIBRATE) and 0x70-0x7F (SEEK) are simulated by instantaneous stubs.

command execution: unknown commands

An attempt to execute illegal commands, or commands on nonexistent drives, results in an ERROR bit in the status register, and an interrupt.

SID Conventions
functional supported

This is a functional component

state save/restore supported

This component supports state save/restore for controller state (including registers and sector buffers)

snapshot of the disk imagesnot supported

This component does not include a snapshot of the disk images

triggerpoints supported

This component supports triggerpoints for most control registers


Environment:

Related components

The IDE model is a self-contained slave peripheral. It does not need to be coupled with other specific components to operate.

To use an IDE model in a system simulation, you must map its two buses into an address space, connect its interrupt line (if needed), and configure its drives. The following configuration file fragment shows how:

	# Add the IDE drive model library
	load libide.la ide_component_library
	# Instantiate component
	new hw-disk-ide ide0
	# ... assume memory mapper named "mapper"
	# ... assume PC standard IDE channel 0 addresses
	connect-bus mapper [0x3F6-0x3F7] ide0 control-block-bus
	connect-bus mapper [0x1F0-0x1F7] ide0 command-block-bus
	# ... assume some fictional interrupt controller
	connect-pin ide0 interrupt -> fic irq14
	#
	# (For PC standard IDE channel 1,
	#  use base addresses 0x376 and 0x170,
	#  and irq15 respectively.)
	#
	# ... configure drive 0 (master): 128*10*32 sectors = 20 MB capacity
	set ide0 drive0-present? 1
	set ide0 drive0-file "/tmp/drive-0-image"
	set ide0 drive0-num-cylinders 128
	set ide0 drive0-num-heads 10
	set ide0 drive0-num-sectors-per-track 32

Host system

The IDE drive model relies on up to two external files for storage of the virtual disk images. These files may be accessed in a sparse way by the target program, so the resulting files may have "holes". Configuring a virtual drive that is larger than 2 GB is not supported. The various "driveN-num-*" parameters are multiplied together to arrive at the number of 512-byte sectors to model.

Some error conditions are signalled by messages to cerr. These include some host I/O errors, and some simulated violations of IDE command synchronization.


Component Reference:

Component: hw-disk-ide

pins
namedirectionlegalvaluesbehaviors
interruptout0..1command execution

buses
nameaddressesaccessesbehaviors
control-block-bus0x0..0x1read/writeregister access
command-block-bus0x0..0x7read/writeregister access, command execution

attributes
namecategorylegal valuesdefault valuebehaviors
state-snapshot-opaque string-state save/restore
driveN-present?settingbooleannoinitialization
driveN-filesettingfile name"/dev/null"initialization
driveN-num-cylinderssettingnumeric0initialization
driveN-num-headssettingnumeric0initialization
driveN-num-sectors-per-tracksettingnumeric0initialization
altstatuswatchable, registernumeric-register access
controlwatchable, registernumeric-register access
drive addresswatchable, registernumeric-register access
datawatchable, registernumeric-register access
errorwatchable, registernumeric-register access
precompwatchable, registernumeric-register access
sector-countwatchable, registernumeric-register access
sector-numberwatchable, registernumeric-register access
cylinder-lowwatchable, registernumeric-register access
cylinder-highwatchable, registernumeric-register access
drive/headwatchable, registernumeric-register access
commandwatchable, registernumeric-register access
interruptpin0..1-command execution


References:

The IDE specifications used for constructing this model were gleaned from several sources. The official ATA specs were not available.